Priming with gesso creates a smooth, slightly absorbent surface that helps paint adhere and protects your canvas. Even pre-primed canvases benefit from an extra coat. Here's how to do it.
What Is Gesso?
Gesso is a primer that seals the canvas and gives it "tooth" for paint to grip. It also stops oil paint from rotting the fabric and helps colours stay true.
Do You Need to Prime?
- Pre-primed canvas: ready to use, but an extra coat or two gives a smoother surface.
- Raw canvas: must be primed before oil painting.
What You'll Need
- Gesso (white or clear)
- A wide, flat brush or roller
- Fine sandpaper
- A little water (for acrylic gesso)
Step-by-Step
- Apply the first coat evenly in one direction with a flat brush.
- Let it dry fully (usually 1–2 hours for acrylic gesso).
- Sand lightly for a smoother finish.
- Apply the second coat at a 90° angle to the first.
- Repeat for 2–3 coats, sanding between for extra smoothness.
- Let it cure before painting.
Tips for a Great Surface
- Thin coats beat thick ones — they dry smoother.
- Sand between coats for a fine finish, or leave texture for expressive work.
- Use acid-free gesso for archival quality.
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